Fig. 1

Effect of CA on the NLRP3 inflammasome in S. sonnei-infected macrophages. (A-F) LPS-primed J774A.1 macrophages were pre-treated with CA or MCC950 for 0.5 h before S. sonnei infection for an additional 21 h. The levels of IL-1β in the supernatants were analyzed by ELISA (A) and Western blotting (B). The detectable levels of IL-18 (C), pro-caspase-1 (p45), and active caspase-1 (p10) (D) in the supernatants were analyzed by Western blotting. The detectable levels of TNF (E) and IL-6 (F) in the supernatants were analyzed by ELISA. (G) LPS-primed human PBMCs were pre-treated with CA or MCC950 for 0.5 h before S. sonnei infection for an additional 21 h. The detectable levels of IL-1β in the supernatants were analyzed by ELISA. (H) J774A.1 macrophages were treated with CA for 24 h. The detectable levels of LDH in the supernatants were analyzed by an LDH release assay kit. The ELISA and LDH release data are expressed as the means ± SD of three separate experiments. The Western blotting images are representative of separate experiments. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, and ***p < 0.001 compared to the S. sonnei-infected macrophages (A-G) or control cells (H)