Fig. 3

LPS-induced generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO) modulated by capsaicin. J774 cells were preincubated for 4 h and cultured with capsaicin (C) or LPS (L) for 24 h. Mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) of DCFDA for the presence of ROS (a), DAF-2 DA for NO (b) and MitoTracker Red CMXRos for mitochondrial membrane potential (c) were determined by flow cytometry. Data are shown as boxes and whiskers. Lines inside the boxes represent the median, and whiskers represent the minimum and maximum values. n = 5. The level of statistical significance was determined using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s test for multiple comparisons (np < 0.05, nnp < 0.01, nnnp < 0.001, nnnnp < 0.0001). # indicates significance from (– –) group. + indicates significance from (– C) group. Other statistical significances between groups are indicated by *