Fig. 5

ECIG-aerosol exposure induced TLR4 expression. In presence or absence of nicotine but primarily in presence of nicotine, ECIG-aerosol induced surface expression of TLR4 whereas TLR2 expression was not affected significantly. Statistical significance (p ≤ 0.05) between Sham and exposure (nicotine or without nicotine) condition was indicated as *. Statistical significance between nicotine and without nicotine was indicated as #